在 vim中，使用tab键，默认是空8个格，在编写python文件的时候很不方便，而且python中不支持tab和空格混合使用，
vim有一个插件，将tab键空格修改为4个格，便于编辑python文件。
（1）新建文件python.vim ，内容为：
" Python indent file
" Language: Python
" Maintainer: Eric Mc Sween <em@tomcom.de>
" Original Author: David Bustos <bustos@caltech.edu>
" Last Change: 2004 Jun 07
" Only load this indent file when no other was loaded.
if exists("b:did_indent")
finish
endif
let b:did_indent = 1
setlocal expandtab
setlocal nolisp
setlocal autoindent
setlocal indentexpr=GetPythonIndent(v:lnum)
setlocal indentkeys=!^F,o,O,<:>,0),0],0},=elif,=except
let s:maxoff = 50
" Find backwards the closest open parenthesis/bracket/brace.
function! s:SearchParensPair()
let line = line('.')
let col = col('.')
" Skip strings and comments and don't look too far
let skip = "line('.') < " . (line - s:maxoff) . " ? dummy :" .
\ 'synIDattr(synID(line("."), col("."), 0), "name") =~? ' .
\ '"string\\|comment"'
" Search for parentheses
call cursor(line, col)
let parlnum = searchpair('(', '', ')', 'bW', skip)
let parcol = col('.')
" Search for brackets
call cursor(line, col)
let par2lnum = searchpair('\[', '', '\]', 'bW', skip)
let par2col = col('.')
" Search for braces
call cursor(line, col)
let par3lnum = searchpair('{', '', '}', 'bW', skip)
let par3col = col('.')
" Get the closest match
if par2lnum > parlnum || (par2lnum == parlnum && par2col > parcol)
let parlnum = par2lnum
let parcol = par2col
endif
if par3lnum > parlnum || (par3lnum == parlnum && par3col > parcol)
let parlnum = par3lnum
let parcol = par3col
endif
" Put the cursor on the match
if parlnum > 0
call cursor(parlnum, parcol)
endif
return parlnum
endfunction
" Find the start of a multi-line statement
function! s:StatementStart(lnum)
let lnum = a:lnum
while 1
if getline(lnum - 1) =~ '\\$'
let lnum = lnum - 1
else
call cursor(lnum, 1)
let maybe_lnum = s:SearchParensPair()
if maybe_lnum < 1
return lnum
else
let lnum = maybe_lnum
endif
endif
endwhile
endfunction
" Find the block starter that matches the current line
function! s:BlockStarter(lnum, block_start_re)
let lnum = a:lnum
let maxindent = 10000 " whatever
while lnum > 1
let lnum = prevnonblank(lnum - 1)
if indent(lnum) < maxindent
if getline(lnum) =~ a:block_start_re
return lnum
else
let maxindent = indent(lnum)
" It's not worth going further if we reached the top level
if maxindent == 0
return -1
endif
endif
endif
endwhile
return -1
endfunction
function! GetPythonIndent(lnum)
" First line has indent 0
if a:lnum == 1
return 0
endif
" If we can find an open parenthesis/bracket/brace, line up with it.
call cursor(a:lnum, 1)
let parlnum = s:SearchParensPair()
if parlnum > 0
let parcol = col('.')
let closing_paren = match(getline(a:lnum), '^\s*[])}]') != -1
if match(getline(parlnum), '[([{]\s*$', parcol - 1) != -1
if closing_paren
return indent(parlnum)
else
return indent(parlnum) + &shiftwidth
endif
else
if closing_paren
return parcol - 1
else
return parcol
endif
endif
endif
" Examine this line
let thisline = getline(a:lnum)
let thisindent = indent(a:lnum)
" If the line starts with 'elif' or 'else', line up with 'if' or 'elif'
if thisline =~ '^\s*\(elif\|else\)\>'
let bslnum = s:BlockStarter(a:lnum, '^\s*\(if\|elif\)\>')
if bslnum > 0
return indent(bslnum)
else
return -1
endif
endif
" If the line starts with 'except' or 'finally', line up with 'try'
" or 'except'
if thisline =~ '^\s*\(except\|finally\)\>'
let bslnum = s:BlockStarter(a:lnum, '^\s*\(try\|except\)\>')
if bslnum > 0
return indent(bslnum)
else
return -1
endif
endif
" Examine previous line
let plnum = a:lnum - 1
let pline = getline(plnum)
let sslnum = s:StatementStart(plnum)
" If the previous line is blank, keep the same indentation
if pline =~ '^\s*$'
return -1
endif
" If this line is explicitly joined, try to find an indentation that looks
" good.
if pline =~ '\\$'
let compound_statement = '^\s*\(if\|while\|for\s.*\sin\|except\)\s*'
let maybe_indent = matchend(getline(sslnum), compound_statement)
if maybe_indent != -1
return maybe_indent
else
return indent(sslnum) + &sw * 2
endif
endif
" If the previous line ended with a colon, indent relative to
" statement start.
if pline =~ ':\s*$'
return indent(sslnum) + &sw
endif
" If the previous line was a stop-execution statement or a pass
if getline(sslnum) =~ '^\s*\(break\|continue\|raise\|return\|pass\)\>'
" See if the user has already dedented
if indent(a:lnum) > indent(sslnum) - &sw
" If not, recommend one dedent
return indent(sslnum) - &sw
endif
" Otherwise, trust the user
return -1
endif
" In all other cases, line up with the start of the previous statement.
return indent(sslnum)
endfunction
（2）mkdir -p ~/.vim/indent/
（3）cp python.vim ~/.vim/indent/
（4）sudo vim /etc/vim/vimrc
在文件中添加以下内容：
set expandtab
set tabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set softtabstop=4
filetype plugin indent on
保存即可。
编辑python文件试试吧！:4_92: